DayCents

Home Equity

Home equity is the portion of your home you actually own — its current market value minus what you still owe on the mortgage. It grows two ways: as you pay down the loan's principal and as the home appreciates in value, making it a cornerstone of most households' net worth.

Equity grows two ways — repaying principal and the home appreciating — and only the first is under your control. Early in a mortgage it builds slowly, because most of each payment is interest: on a 30-year loan you typically repay only about a third of the principal in the first 15 years. Reaching 20% equity matters twice over, since it is where PMI can be cancelled and where the best refinance pricing begins. Turning equity into cash costs something in every case: selling incurs agent and closing fees, while a home equity loan or HELOC secures the debt against the house, so a payment problem that would have damaged your credit can now cost you the property.