DayCents

Rule of 72

The Rule of 72 is a mental shortcut for compound growth: divide 72 by your annual rate of return to estimate how many years it takes money to double. At 7% a year, money doubles in roughly 72 ÷ 7 ≈ 10 years; at 9%, about 8 years.

At 7% the rule says 10.3 years against a true 10.24 — accurate enough for mental arithmetic. It drifts at the extremes: at 3% it says 24 years where the answer is 23.4, and at 12% it says 6 where the answer is 6.1, so treat it as reliable roughly between 5% and 12%, which covers most long-run investment assumptions. It works in reverse, too — 72 divided by the years available gives the return you would need. The most useful application is not optimism but its opposite: at 3% inflation, prices double in 24 years, so a retirement plan built on today's costs is roughly half the size it needs to be.